Surah Fatiha (lesson 7)

Today's word:

Sirat alazina
صراط الذين

Sirat صراط we have already discussed means straight wide path (like a motorway) without turns and twists.

Alazina الذين and Alazee الذى are most frequent occurring words in Qur'an. They mean the same i.e. "Those Who"
وه جو

Alazina is a combination of two words: Alazee and Na
Alazee الذى means "وہ جو"
When we attach Na ن after a word it refers to a group of people (More than two people). So Alazina means "Those people".

Whereas Alazee الذى means "that person who"

Hence:
Sirat Alazina صراط الذين means "راستہ ان لوگوں کا جو"
"The way of the people (on which)"

Notice (which) is in brackets. This is because Arabic does not have these conjunctions. You will have to put them yourself according to context. Next inshAllah we will discuss who are / were those people. Surah Fatiha gives three attributes of these people with three most interesting words.

Next word is انعمت Anamta. In simple Urdu it means انعام Inaam (gift). This word belongs to the Arabic root NaAaMa ن ع م
It means comfort, satisfaction, contentment, smoothness and free from any discomfort tension pain and stress. Other words that are derived from this root are:
Naymat نعمت
This is simply the noun of the root نعم Na Aa Ma. It means something which gives you comfort, satisfaction, contentment and free you from pain, discomfort and stress. Some derived words are used as common names.
Anum انعم which is the plural for نعم
Naima نعمة : a lady who lives a happy life of contentment
Naeem نعیم : higher degree of نعم

Hence today's word انعمت anamta is a combo of two words انعم anum and تا Ta.

When Ta تا  is attached after a word, it means "you did". Simply put, it means
انعام رکھا تو نے

Next word is عليهم alaihim. It's a combo of two words:
Ala'a على
Him هم

Ala'a على means ON Top (above / Over something)
(کسی چیز کے) اوپر
The closest Urdu word is Aala اعلی meaning "above everything else" or "on top of everything". Figuratively it means "Best". But literally it means "On top of everything"
Him هم (sometimes read as hoom) means THEM. So combined alaihim عليهم means "On Them". Other frequent combinations of this word are:
Alaikum عليكم meaning "On You (All)"
As we say in
اسلام عليكم
Kum كم means You All
Alaika عليك Means "on you (singular)"
Ka  ك when attached after a word means "You (One Person)"
Alaina علينا Means "On Us"

Recall the word iyyaka اياك meaning "Only You (singular)". Also recall the word ihdina اهدنا meaning "Guide Us (All)"

Summarizing:
Anamta Alaihim
انعمت عليهم
انعام (رکھا) تو نے اوپر ان کے
Rewarded You On Them

May Allah help us understand the Qur'an.
رب ذدنى علما
Rabbe Zidnee ilma

Surah Fatiha (lesson 6)

بسم الله الراحمن الراحيم

Today's word is صراط مستقيم Sirat e Mustaqeem. Siraat صراط aik aisay rastay ko kehtay hain jo chora wasee'h ho aur seedha ho. Itna seedha keh door tak nazar aye. It is a road without turns that you can see where its going for a really long distance. You would have heard about پل صداط Pull Sirat. Jiss par say har kissi ko guzar kay Jana hoga.

Mustaqeem مستقيم here is used as adjective, describing صراط. Mustaqeem belongs to the root ق ى م QaYaMa which means Balance. This is a very interesting word. Words that are made from this root are:
Qiyaam قيام  stand in balance / straight
Qeemat قيمت balance of payment / balance amount to be given in return of buying something
Qiyamat قيامت the moment when things would be put in a weighing balance. It could be named so because everybody would stand up قيام from the dead Wallaho Alam

Another controversial word which belongs to the same root is Qawwamoon قوامون. Qur'an says Men are Qawwamoon over Women (4:34). Many scholars say it means hakim. But some say it belongs to the root of QaYaMa ق ى م and hence it means somebody who does justice to them by providing for them. Justice = Balance
Wallaho Alam
Maqaam مقام a place to stand
Woh jaggah jehan par qiyam قيام keeya jaa sakay
Quyyum قيوم a name used for الله meaning qaim قاءم rakhnay wala
Qur'an calls itself Qutubun Qaeeyima كتب قيمة (98:3) the book of balance)
And at another place it refers to Islam as Din Al Qaeeyima دين القيمة (98:5) Balanced Deen
We say in Aqamat أقامت (the Standing up) the following words:
Qamatis Salaat قامة الصلاح meaning Salaat has stood up
Allah says "We have created man in Ahsan e Taqweem احسن تقويم" (95:4)
Ahsan simply means Best
Taqweem تقويم My best guess is "the process of Balancing"
Urdu ka lafz Qom قوم bhi issee root say belong karta hai. It means set of people who stand together.

Recapping:
اهدنا الصراط المستقيم
Ihde nasirat almustaqeem

The most important dua that we make many times in a day. It means guide us (هدايت) towards صراط (straight path) which is مستقيم (balanced).

Please say this dua at the end so that you won't forget whatever you read.

رب ذدنى علما
Rabbe Zidnee ilma

And remember me in your prayers tonight.

Happy قيام الليل (Qiyam Al-lail ) 