Top common words in Arabic

من = From
ال  = the
الذى = that which (singular) / He who
الذين those (people) who = alazeena
فى = In
هو =  وہ (He)
على Above = Aala
ثما then = summa
ھذا this = haa'za
ما that, not = maa 
لم = did not
الا but = illa
إذا when = iza
كان كن = ہے تھا ہوگا ہوگیا
to come into existence
عن =  سے، کے، کو
(used in the sense of moving away from)

غنى = کافی sufficient , useful

How to make words from a root word

Today we'll learn to make 10 words from a root word.
If you learn these 10 rules, you will be able to make 10 words from any root word you know.
If فعل is a root then: فاعل is the one who does that فعل
فاعلة (fa'ila) Is the female who does that فعل
مفعول (Maf'ool) is the male on whom the فعل is done
مفعولة (Maf'oolah) is the female on whom the فعل is done
فعلت (Fa'lat) is the noun of that فعل
 أفعال (Af'aal) is the plural of that فعل
 یفعل - (Yaf'al) means "He does / would do" that فعل
 فعيل (Fa'eel) somebody who is too much of فعل. Superlative degree.
 فاعلين (Fa'ileen) plural of فاعل
 تفعيل (Taf'eel) the product of the process of that فعل

Now let's take an example of a root and apply these rules on it.
Root Word ولد (wa la da)
Closest english word to describe ولد is "birth". I am applying the rules stated above in the same order.
 1۔ والد
2۔ والدة
3۔ مولود (نو مولود)
4۔ **
5۔ ولدت (ولادت)
6۔ اولاد
7۔ **
8۔ وليد (name)
9۔ والدين
10۔ **
Molood مولود means the born
Nau molood bacha نو مولود بچہ - Newly born child
ولادت birth
Waleed وليد means "very young male child"
More Urdu words from this root are: ولدیت (waldeeyat) and میلاد (milaad)
Literally meaning "Time of birth" ... Meaning birthday. ميلاد النبى

Opening dua of Namaz

 بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

 سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ وَتَبَارَكَ اسْمُكَ وَتَعَالَى جَدُّكَ وَلاَ إِلَهَ غَيْرُكَ

We say this once when we start namaz after takbeer.
This is not compulsory, and namaz can be offered without saying it. Moreover there are other substitute phrases that can be said instead of this one. But mostly people in Pakistan recite this.

The first word سبحانك consists of two words سبحان and ك (ka)
The letter ك (ka) when attached at the end of a word means "You". The word سبحان belongs to the root سبح (sa ba ha) which means "to praise". Sabah also happens to be a common Muslim girl name meaning the same as the root. Another word from this root is تسبيح tasbeeh which is both Arabic and Urdu. Sabah سبح literally means "to do something continuously without stopping". Subhan سبحان is hence the ultimate / infinte form of سبح. Allah is doing what He does continuously without stopping. Simply put Subhanaka سبحانك means you are Subhaan.

Allahuma اللهم means "O Allah". It is a synonym of Ya Allah يا الله. In my notice whenever Allah is invoked with love and affection (in the Quranic Duas) word Allahuma is used.
 سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ
"Subhaan (is) you O Allah!"

 وَبِحَمْدِكَ
 َّ وَ = and
 َّ بِ = with
 حمد = Praise
 كَ = You
So َّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ literally means "And with Praise (is) you"

وَتَبَارَكَ اسْمُكَ
Wa tabarak asmoka
 وَ = and
 َتَ = When ت is pre-scripted to a word it means "he is" "وہ ہے"
 بَارَكَ = Barakah (برکت)
 اسْمُ =  Name
 كَ = Your
 Hence وَتَبَارَكَ اسْمُكَ means "And blessed is your name"

 Notice how simple Arabic grammar is.. you just have to combine two words to make a sentence.
And 80% Arabic is plain Urdu.. You just need to learn to identify and connect the words. Connect the Arabic words with Urdu ones.

تعالي Ta'ala means he is above all.
Commonly spoken as Allah Ta'ala الله تعالى
This is the same عالى (Ala' with kharree zabbar on laam) which we use in Urdu meaning: best, above all
Example: wazir-e-Ala highest wazir
Khadam-e-ala highest servant
Female name Aalia عاليه means same: female above all
Urdu word Ilawa علاوة also means the same : "over and above the rest"
Male Muslim name Muta'al متعال is also one of Allah's 99 names which means "very high"
Notice all of these words have the same root ع ل

It's root is three letter ع ل و

But some specific letters are weak roots. Meaning they disappear in some word formations.
Ex: letter wow و
It appears in علاوہ but disappears in تعالى عالى عاليه and متعال
So I deliberately omitted the third root to avoid confusion and complexity.

Next word is جَدُّكَ Jadduka
The postscripted ك ka means "your"
Jaddo جَدُّ is the root ج د د which has two meanings.
One: it means discontinue, as in the Urdu word جدا
If we post script the root with a ت the root (which is always a verb) becomes a noun جدت
Discontinue becomes discontinuation.
Hence the figurative meaning of the word جدت is innovation. (Discontinuation of a current practice)
Similarly the word جدید
Second meaning of this root is "highness", highly respectful, great in respect. Urdu word for this second meaning is آباواجداد Aba-o-ajdad. Hence اجداد is used to refer to grandparents. Quran uses both meanings of the word at different points and the context will clarify itself which meaning is intended. Here the word جَدُّكَ Jadduka literally means "Your Highness" However different translators use different, more expressive, more beautiful words while translating.

وَلاَ إِلَهَ غَيْرُكَ
وَ = and
لاَ = no
إِلَهَ = god
غَيْرُ = other than
كَ = you
we discussed غير before
غير (ghair)
Means:
Other than

In Urdu it is used in the context of "other than our  relative" but in Arabic it only means "Other than".

Two urdu words derived from this root are:
1. Waghaira وغيره
2. Ghairat غيرة

In Waghaira وغيره the first letter "و" (wow) means AND ghair غير means "Other than"

Hence Waghaira وغيره literally means "And Other than (this)"

Ghairat
غيرة in Arabic
غیرت in Urdu

Is noun of this root غير

We have seen previously learned how to make a noun from a root by putting a  ت or ة
Ghairat غيرت refers to the sentiments which arise when a ghair غير interferes with something which is personal to you.

Ilah إله
Allah الله is actually Al-Ilah ال اله
AL ال means The
Ilah إله means god with a small g

Hence Al-Ilah الله means "The God" and in english we convert small g into capital G automatically when preceded with "The".

La Ilah IL Allah
لا اله إلا الله
No god except The God
(Literal translation)

From now on try to feel the meaning of each word while offering prayers.
Apart from revision, it will bring depth, quality and meaning to your prayers and mind will not be distracted with other worldly thoughts.

رب ذدني علما

Surah Fatiha (lesson 9)

 بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
Today's word is
Wa-La-zZa'leen
ولاالضالين
"Wa" means "And"
"La" means "Not"
Notice an "AL" before Za'aleen.. which is silent when reading the word. Despite being silent it holds its meaning "The" (that's the Arabic rule). Lastly the main word Zaa'leen ضالين comes from the root Za La La  ضلل
The closest Urdu word is Zaleel ضليل having the same meaning as the original root.
The root ZaLaLa ضلل means to get lost, to get off track and then trying to find your way back but all efforts go into waste. This is called Zaleel hona. The best analogy which experts give to explain this root is when a traveller gets lost in dessert, and makes an effort to find his way, but this effort exhausts his energy, he dehydrates himself, and bring upon him his own death.
That is the truest essence of Zaleel hona. The grammar to learn here is how you make a plural from singular. For Example: 
Muhajir's plural can be made in two ways Muhajiroon and Muhajireen
Momin -> Mominoon & Momineen
So whenever you see an "een" ين or "oon" ون at the end of a word then know that it is a plural.
Hence Al-Za'leen are all those specific people who got lost or got off track.
Who were the Zalleen? The Quran tells the stories of all those people in detail.

Today we are done with the first chapter of the Book. We discussed around 22 Arabic words and identified their roots. For every root we discussed around 3-4 other Arabic / Urdu words belonging to the same root to understand the gist the root itself. So in total you would know 80-90 Arabic words already. Mashallah.
May Allah help us retain this knowledge.
رب ذدنى علما
Rabbe Zidnee ilma.

Surah Fatiha (lesson 8)

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

Today's word is very easy:
غير (ghair)
Means: Other than

In Urdu it is used in the context of "other than our  relative" but in Arabic it originally means "Other than". Two other words derived from this root are:
1. Waghaira وغيره
2. Ghairat غيرة

Both words are part of Arabic as well as Urdu. 

In Waghaira وغيره the first letter "و" (wow) means "AND" and rest ghair غير means "Other than". Hence Waghaira وغيره literally means "And Other than (this list)"

Second word is a little complex to understand.
Ghairat غيرة in Arabic and غیرت in Urdu
Is noun of this root غير
We have seen previously how to make a noun from a root by putting a ت or ة in the end. It refers to the sentiments which arise when a ghair غير interferes with something which is personal to you.

Next word is Al-Maghzoob
المغضوب
First two letters Al  ال means "The"
We have discussed this before.
For example:
Al-Hamd الحمد
Al-Rahman الرحمن
Al-Rahim الرحيم
One thing I purposely didn't tell you earlier is that AL is also part of the word Allah الله
It is actually Al-Ilah ال اله
Ilah إله means god with a small g
Example: La Ilah IL Allah
لا اله إلا الله
No god except The God
(Literal translation)
Hence Al-Ilah الله means "The God" and in english we convert small g into capital G automatically when preceded with "The". 

Second Part of the word is Maghzoob مغضوب
It belongs to the root:
Gha Za Ba
غ ض ب
Same as Urdu word Ghazab غضب
Used in the context of
غضب خدا كا
غضب هو گیا
Ghazab is intense anger state.. and whatever punishment is given in that state
Hence Maghzoob مغضوب means "jiss par intense ghussa keeya jaye"
We have learned this grammar rule earlier as well  of making Maghzoob from root GhaZaBa
If root GhaZaBa is "action" then Maghzoob is the person on whom action is being done.
Rule: Put a Meem in the start of root.. and put a Wow after second letter of root.

Questions:
1. If Na Sa Ra نصر is an Arabic root meaning "Help", make Arabic word which means "The person who was helped".
2. How many other names can you think of which are made using this rule?
(Answers at the end)

Coming back to the context: Al-Maghzoob refers to all those "specific" people (and Nations) who were the target of Allah's Ghazab.
Who were these people?
The Qur'an tells the story of each and everyone. What they did, how were they warned time and again and what punishment fell on them.

Question:
3. Can you use the grammar rule discussed today and decode the meaning of Majboor مجبور also identifying its Arabic root?

Answers:
1. Mansoor
2. Manzoor, Mamoor, Matloob
3. Ja Ba Ra

May Allah help us understand the Qur'an.
رب ذدنى علما
Rabbe Zidnee ilma.

Surah Fatiha (lesson 7)

Today's word:

Sirat alazina
صراط الذين

Sirat صراط we have already discussed means straight wide path (like a motorway) without turns and twists.

Alazina الذين and Alazee الذى are most frequent occurring words in Qur'an. They mean the same i.e. "Those Who"
وه جو

Alazina is a combination of two words: Alazee and Na
Alazee الذى means "وہ جو"
When we attach Na ن after a word it refers to a group of people (More than two people). So Alazina means "Those people".

Whereas Alazee الذى means "that person who"

Hence:
Sirat Alazina صراط الذين means "راستہ ان لوگوں کا جو"
"The way of the people (on which)"

Notice (which) is in brackets. This is because Arabic does not have these conjunctions. You will have to put them yourself according to context. Next inshAllah we will discuss who are / were those people. Surah Fatiha gives three attributes of these people with three most interesting words.

Next word is انعمت Anamta. In simple Urdu it means انعام Inaam (gift). This word belongs to the Arabic root NaAaMa ن ع م
It means comfort, satisfaction, contentment, smoothness and free from any discomfort tension pain and stress. Other words that are derived from this root are:
Naymat نعمت
This is simply the noun of the root نعم Na Aa Ma. It means something which gives you comfort, satisfaction, contentment and free you from pain, discomfort and stress. Some derived words are used as common names.
Anum انعم which is the plural for نعم
Naima نعمة : a lady who lives a happy life of contentment
Naeem نعیم : higher degree of نعم

Hence today's word انعمت anamta is a combo of two words انعم anum and تا Ta.

When Ta تا  is attached after a word, it means "you did". Simply put, it means
انعام رکھا تو نے

Next word is عليهم alaihim. It's a combo of two words:
Ala'a على
Him هم

Ala'a على means ON Top (above / Over something)
(کسی چیز کے) اوپر
The closest Urdu word is Aala اعلی meaning "above everything else" or "on top of everything". Figuratively it means "Best". But literally it means "On top of everything"
Him هم (sometimes read as hoom) means THEM. So combined alaihim عليهم means "On Them". Other frequent combinations of this word are:
Alaikum عليكم meaning "On You (All)"
As we say in
اسلام عليكم
Kum كم means You All
Alaika عليك Means "on you (singular)"
Ka  ك when attached after a word means "You (One Person)"
Alaina علينا Means "On Us"

Recall the word iyyaka اياك meaning "Only You (singular)". Also recall the word ihdina اهدنا meaning "Guide Us (All)"

Summarizing:
Anamta Alaihim
انعمت عليهم
انعام (رکھا) تو نے اوپر ان کے
Rewarded You On Them

May Allah help us understand the Qur'an.
رب ذدنى علما
Rabbe Zidnee ilma

Surah Fatiha (lesson 6)

بسم الله الراحمن الراحيم

Today's word is صراط مستقيم Sirat e Mustaqeem. Siraat صراط aik aisay rastay ko kehtay hain jo chora wasee'h ho aur seedha ho. Itna seedha keh door tak nazar aye. It is a road without turns that you can see where its going for a really long distance. You would have heard about پل صداط Pull Sirat. Jiss par say har kissi ko guzar kay Jana hoga.

Mustaqeem مستقيم here is used as adjective, describing صراط. Mustaqeem belongs to the root ق ى م QaYaMa which means Balance. This is a very interesting word. Words that are made from this root are:
Qiyaam قيام  stand in balance / straight
Qeemat قيمت balance of payment / balance amount to be given in return of buying something
Qiyamat قيامت the moment when things would be put in a weighing balance. It could be named so because everybody would stand up قيام from the dead Wallaho Alam

Another controversial word which belongs to the same root is Qawwamoon قوامون. Qur'an says Men are Qawwamoon over Women (4:34). Many scholars say it means hakim. But some say it belongs to the root of QaYaMa ق ى م and hence it means somebody who does justice to them by providing for them. Justice = Balance
Wallaho Alam
Maqaam مقام a place to stand
Woh jaggah jehan par qiyam قيام keeya jaa sakay
Quyyum قيوم a name used for الله meaning qaim قاءم rakhnay wala
Qur'an calls itself Qutubun Qaeeyima كتب قيمة (98:3) the book of balance)
And at another place it refers to Islam as Din Al Qaeeyima دين القيمة (98:5) Balanced Deen
We say in Aqamat أقامت (the Standing up) the following words:
Qamatis Salaat قامة الصلاح meaning Salaat has stood up
Allah says "We have created man in Ahsan e Taqweem احسن تقويم" (95:4)
Ahsan simply means Best
Taqweem تقويم My best guess is "the process of Balancing"
Urdu ka lafz Qom قوم bhi issee root say belong karta hai. It means set of people who stand together.

Recapping:
اهدنا الصراط المستقيم
Ihde nasirat almustaqeem

The most important dua that we make many times in a day. It means guide us (هدايت) towards صراط (straight path) which is مستقيم (balanced).

Please say this dua at the end so that you won't forget whatever you read.

رب ذدنى علما
Rabbe Zidnee ilma

And remember me in your prayers tonight.

Happy قيام الليل (Qiyam Al-lail ) 